The U.S. and its allies are facing multiple nuclear competitors, including states that are growing, diversifying, and modernizing their nuclear arsenals. Richard C. Johnson, deputy assistant secretary of defense for nuclear and countering weapons of mass destruction policy, emphasized the need for adjustments to the 2022 Nuclear Posture Review to sustain the ability to achieve nuclear deterrence in the face of enhanced nuclear capabilities of China and Russia. While the underlying logic of nuclear deterrence remains sound, Johnson acknowledged that the current nuclear modernization program may be insufficient moving forward.
The Department of Defense, in collaboration with the National Nuclear Security Administration, has taken steps to enhance nuclear deterrence capabilities and reduce risks to the nuclear modernization program. Initiatives include the development of the B61-13 gravity bomb and the enhanced readiness of nuclear-armed Ohio-class submarines. The 791 Report submitted to Congress outlines the U.S. nuclear employment strategy, emphasizing the need to deter multiple nuclear-armed adversaries simultaneously and integrate non-nuclear capabilities to support the nuclear deterrence mission. The report also highlights the importance of escalation management and strengthening extended deterrence commitments with allies and partners.
Grant Schneider, vice deputy director for strategic stability at the Joint Staff, emphasized the importance of intellectual and analytical work to identify potential scenarios and strategic circumstances that the U.S. and its allies may face in the 2030s. To prepare for future challenges, Schneider stressed the need to modernize nuclear forces, command and control systems, and associated infrastructure to ensure flexibility and adaptability. The report also recognizes the role of arms control, risk reduction, and nuclear nonproliferation in addressing strategic dangers, in addition to deterrence.
In conclusion, the U.S. and its allies are navigating a complex security environment with multiple nuclear peer adversaries. While the U.S. remains committed to a safe, secure, and reliable nuclear deterrent, adjustments to the nuclear posture may be necessary to address evolving threats. Collaboration between the Department of Defense and the National Nuclear Security Administration is crucial in enhancing nuclear deterrence capabilities and reducing risks to the nuclear modernization program. As the U.S. prepares for future challenges, modernizing nuclear forces and infrastructure, along with strengthening alliances and partnerships, will be critical to maintaining security and stability in the face of growing nuclear threats.
